Driving in the US: 13 Common Traffic Rules

The US has pretty good and scenic roads. How better to enjoy all this than to hire a car and set off for a road trip? However, before hitting the road, you need to familiarize yourself with standard traffic rules used on US roads. The US has stringent traffic rules, and breaking them could lead to expensive fines or even jail time.

Moreover, traffic rules are meant to keep everyone on the road safe; when you learn and follow the rules, you contribute to making roads safer. Here are the 13 most common traffic rules you need to know before driving in the US.

Obey speed limits

If you are a Hollywood fan, you may think speeding is not an issue on US roads. However, in real life, you will get in serious trouble if caught speeding. Exceeding the speed limit can result in fines, points on your license, and increased insurance rates.

Speed limits are indicated by a white rectangle sign with the words' SPEED LIMIT' and a figure. They vary depending on the type of road and the state you are in. Generally, the speed limit in residential areas ranges from 25 to 35 miles per hour (mph), while on highways, it is 55 to 70 mph or higher. That said, always adjust your speed according to road conditions, such as heavy traffic, poor weather, or construction zones.

Right of way

The right of way is the legal rule that determines which vehicle or pedestrian has the priority to proceed first in various traffic situations. It helps prevent accidents and navigate interceptions safely. Here are examples of who/what has the right of way in different traffic scenarios.

• Pedestrians have the right of way at crosswalks or once they start crossing the road.
• If you are entering a main road from a side road, the driver on the main road has the right of way.
• Yield to emergency vehicles with flashing lights or sirens.
• The driver who arrived first at a four-way stop has the right of way. If two vehicles arrive simultaneously, the car on the right goes first.

Use of turn signals

Drivers use turn signals or indicators to communicate their intentions to other drivers. All drivers must legally use turn signals when turning or changing lanes on US roads. However, don't just activate the signal and start changing lanes immediately; activate the turn signals at least 100 feet before turning to give other drivers enough time to notice.

Stop signs

The stop sign is a red octagon with the word "STOP." Once you see it, you must come to a complete stop and only proceed if the road ahead is clear. Follow the right of way to proceed.

Traffic lights

Traffic lights control the flow of traffic at busy intersections. The standard traffic light sequence in the US is green (go), yellow (prepare to stop), and red (stop). Running a red light is a serious traffic violation that will result in hefty fines, points on your license, and increased insurance premiums.

However, it's legal to turn right at a steady red light after coming to a complete stop unless there is a NO TURN ON RED sign. That said, remember to yield the right-of-way to oncoming traffic and pedestrians.

No texting while driving

Distracted driving is a leading cause of road accidents in the US. As a result, 49 states have banned texting while driving. The only state with no such rule is Montana.

Although the laws vary by state, using a handheld device to send texts, browse the internet, or check social media while driving is generally illegal. Many states have implemented hands-free laws, requiring drivers to use Bluetooth or other hands-free technologies for phone calls. Violating these laws will result in fines and points on your driving record.

Seat belt use

According to NHTSA, 50% of the 25,420 passenger vehicle occupants who died in car accidents in 2022 had not buckled. Wearing seat belts can significantly reduce the risk of injury or death in the event of an accident. All states except New Hampshire require drivers and front-seat passengers to wear seat belts. Many states also have laws mandating that back-seat passengers buckle up.

Yielding to emergency vehicles

Emergency vehicles with flashing lights and sirens have the right of way. When you see or hear one, pull over to the right side of the road and stop until it passes. Failing to give way to emergency vehicles is illegal and immoral as you delay response time to critical situations, which could include endangering lives.

Passing rules

In the US, passing is overtaking, and all drivers are required to do so safely and legally. You can pass on the left side, but make sure the road ahead is clear. Start by signaling your intention to pass, ensure there is enough space, and only return to your lane when the vehicle you passed is visible in your rearview mirror.

Overtaking on the right is only allowed on multi-lane roads or when the car you are overtaking is making a left turn. Never pass in a no-pass zone, like where there are solid lines or curves and hills.

School zones

School zones are areas near schools where the speed limit is reduced during certain hours. In most states, the school zone speed limit applies between 7:00 a.m. and 9:00 a.m. and 2:00 p.m. and 4:00 p.m. and is between 15-25 mph. These zones are usually marked with signs and flashing lights. Violating speed limits in a school zone carries steeper fines and penalties due to the heightened risk to children.

No parking zones

Finding parking, especially in big cities, can be hectic. However, never park in no-parking zones. These areas include fire hydrants, bus stops, loading zones, and crosswalks. Parking in these areas can obstruct traffic, block emergency vehicles, or pose a safety hazard.

You will likely receive fines, towing, or both when you violate the no-parking rules. Always check for signs indicating parking restrictions before leaving your vehicle.

Use of headlights

Headlights provide visibility when driving in low-light conditions. Most states require drivers to use headlights from sunset to sunrise, during inclement weather (rain, fog, snow), and when visibility is less than 1,000 feet. Driving without headlights during low-light conditions increases the risk of accidents.

DUI/DWI laws

Driving under the influence (DUI) or driving while intoxicated (DWI) are serious offenses in the US. However, alcohol still plays a role in over 40% of all fatal car accidents.

Most states have a legal blood alcohol concentration (BAC) limit of 0.08% for drivers, though some states have lower limits for commercial drivers or those under 21. Penalties for DUI/DWI include fines, license suspension, and even jail time. Refusing a breathalyzer test will result in automatic license suspension.

Conclusion

Before hitting the road, all drivers within the United States should understand and adhere to traffic rules. These rules form the foundation of road safety, helping to prevent accidents, reduce traffic congestion, and ensure the smooth flow of vehicles.

Remember, traffic rules usually vary from state to state, so pay close attention to local signs and regulations. Additionally, you must have a valid driver's license and auto insurance to drive legally in the United States.